Search results for " Delirium"
showing 10 items of 29 documents
Norepinephrine transporter gene polymorphism is not associated with susceptibility to alcohol dependence
2002
Abnormalities in monoamine neurotransmission have been implicated in the pathogenesis of alcoholism, mood disorders and schizophrenia. Murine norepinephrine transporter gene (NET) has been mapped to a region on chromosome 8 where a quantitative trait locus for ethanol sensitivity. Therefore we tested whether norepinephrine transporter (NET) gene variants confer susceptibility to either alcohol dependence or severe alcohol withdrawal symptoms. There is a highly polymorphic silent G1287A mutation in the NET gene. In our study 157 alcoholics and 185 healthy unrelated matched control subjects were analyzed for a silent G1287A mutation. No significant differences in allele and genotype distribut…
Spermiogrammbefunde bei männlichen Patienten nach Alkoholdelir
2009
Zusammenfassung Bei 30 Patienten mit alkoholtoxischem Delir wurden die wichtigsten Spermiogramm-Parameter untersucht: Es wurden bei verminderter Spermatozoendichte von im Mittel 18 Mill.Sp./ml gehauft eine Hypospermie (n = 8) beobachtet. Beurteilt man Spermatozoendichte, Morphologie und Motilitat, so erweisen sich 29 der 30 Untersuchten Spermiogramme als stark pathologisch verandert. Die Spermiogenese-Storung ist bei erhohter FSH-Basiswerten (n = 10) und bei akuter alkoholtoxischer Hepatitis (n = 4) am ausgepragtesten (2a = 0.01), hangt dagegen weniger vom Trinkerstadium nach Jellinek, erhohten Ostradiol-Werten (n = 6) oder erhohten CK-Werten (n = 8) ab. Bei Alkoholkranken bei offensichtlic…
Delirium assessed by Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale in advanced cancer patients admitted to an acute palliative/supportive care unit
2017
Background: Delirium is often unrecognized in cancer patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of delirium assessed by the Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale (MDAS) and possible associated factors on admission to an acute palliative/supportive care unit (APSCU). The secondary outcome was to assess changes in MDAS and symptom burden at time of discharge. Methods: A consecutive sample of advanced cancer patients who were admitted to an APSCU was prospectively assessed for a period of 10 months. Patient demographics, including age, gender, primary diagnosis, Karnofsky status, stage of disease, and educational level were collected. The Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (…
Association of a CB1 Cannabinoid Receptor Gene (CNR1) polymorphism with severe alcohol dependence
2002
Abstract Due to the involvement of the endogenous cannabinoid system in brain reward mechanisms a silent polymorphism (1359G/A; Thr453Thr) in the single coding exon of the CB1 human cannabinoid receptor gene ( CNR1 ) was analysed in 121 severely affected Caucasian alcoholics and 136 most likely non-alcoholic controls. The observed frequency of the A allele was 31.2% for controls and 42.1% for alcoholics with severe withdrawal syndromes ( P =0.010). Post-hoc exploration indicated that this allelic association resulted from an excess of the homozygous A/A genotype in patients with a history of alcohol delirium ( P =0.031, DF 2), suggesting s an increased risk of delirium (OR=2.45, 95% CI 1.14…
Prevalence and risk factors for delirium in critically ill patients with COVID-19 (COVID-D): a multicentre cohort study
2021
Background: To date, 750 000 patients with COVID-19 worldwide have required mechanical ventilation and thus are at high risk of acute brain dysfunction (coma and delirium). We aimed to investigate the prevalence of delirium and coma, and risk factors for delirium in critically ill patients with COVID-19, to aid the development of strategies to mitigate delirium and associated sequelae. Methods: This multicentre cohort study included 69 adult intensive care units (ICUs), across 14 countries. We included all patients (aged ≥18 years) admitted to participating ICUs with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection before April 28, 2020. Patients who were moribund or had life-suppo…
Symptom Expression in Patients with Advanced Cancer Admitted to an Acute Supportive/Palliative Care Unit With and Without Delirium
2018
Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between delirium and symptom expression in patients with advanced cancer admitted to an acute supportive/palliative care unit (ASPCU). Methods A consecutive sample of patients with advanced cancer who were admitted to an ASPCU was prospectively assessed for a period of 10 months. The Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) and the MDAS (Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale) were measured at admission (T0) and after 7 days of palliative care (T7). Results Two hundred forty-six patients had complete data regarding MDAS measurements, at either T0 and T7. Of these, 75 (30.5%) and 63 patients (25.6%) had delirium at T0 and aft…
Palliative sedation in advanced cancer patients followed at home: A retrospective analysis
2012
Abstract CONTEXT: Data regarding palliative sedation at home in dying patients are lacking. OBJECTIVES: To describe the frequency, indication, and modality of palliative sedation (PS) in patients followed at home. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of home care cancer patients was performed. Patients who received PS before dying were selected and information about epidemiologic characteristics, indications, duration, drugs, and outcomes was collected. RESULTS: Of 370 medical charts of patients who died at home, 49 patients received PS before dying. PS was proposed by the team, relatives, or both in 63.3%, 4.1%, and 32.6% of cases, respectively. Delirium alone or in combination with other sym…
Preoperative risk factors for postoperative delirium (POD) after urological surgery in the elderly
2011
The aim of this observational study was to investigate the occurrence of postoperative delirium (POD) in elderly patients undergoing urological surgery and to identify those factors associated with delirium. Ninety consecutive patients (81 males and 9 females; average age of 74.3 ± 0.40 years), undergoing urological surgery in University-Hospital Urological Clinic were selected. Personal, medical, cognitive and functional data, biochemical parameters, preoperative medications, conduct of surgery and anesthesia and details of hemodynamic control were collected as predictors of delirium. After surgery, the subjects were divided on the basis of delirium onset within a week observation period. …
The association between low skeletal muscle mass and delirium: results from the nationwide multi-centre Italian Delirium Day 2017
2021
Abstract Introduction Delirium and sarcopenia are common, although underdiagnosed, geriatric syndromes. Several pathological mechanisms can link delirium and low skeletal muscle mass, but few studies have investigated their association. We aimed to investigate (1) the association between delirium and low skeletal muscle mass and (2) the possible role of calf circumference mass in finding cases with delirium. Methods The analyses were conducted employing the cross-sectional “Delirium Day” initiative, on patient 65 years and older admitted to acute hospital medical wards, emergency departments, rehabilitation wards, nursing homes and hospices in Italy in 2017. Delirium was diagnosed as a 4 + …
Non‐Pharmacologic Multicomponent Interventions Preventing Delirium in Hospitalized People
2020
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Delirium is a common neurobehavioral complication in hospitalized patients with a high prevalence in various clinical settings. Prevention of delirium is critical due to its common occurrence and associated poor outcomes. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of multicomponent interventions in preventing incident delirium in hospitalized patients at risk. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING Hospital. PARTICIPANTS We included a study if it was a randomized controlled trial and was evaluating effects of coordinated non-pharmacologic multicomponent interventions in the prevention of delirium. MEASUREMENTS We performed a systematic literature search in…